CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.11 Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics The various technologies (eg. microarrays and gene sequencing) being used today to analyse genes and proteins generate enormous quantities of data The data being collected ranges fro...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.10 Microarrays
Microarrays Microarrays are laboratory tools?used to detect the expression?of thousands of genes at the same time and to?identify the genes present?in an organism’s genome Microarrays are used in m...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.9 Gel Electrophoresis
Gel Electrophoresis Gel electrophoresis is a technique used widely in the analysis of DNA, RNA and proteins. During electrophoresis the?molecules?are?separated?according to their?size / mass?and th...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.8 Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Polymerase chain reaction?(PCR) is a common molecular biology technique used in most applications of gene technology, for example, DNA profiling (eg. identification ...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.7 Gene Editing
Gene Editing Gene?genome?editing?(or editing) allows genetic engineers to alter the DNA of organisms by?inserting,?deleting?or?replacing?DNA?at specific sites in the genome known to cause disease. ...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.6 Genetic Engineering: Promoters & Marker Genes
Genetic Engineering: Promoter The?promoter?(an example of a length of non-coding DNA that has a specific function) is the?region of DNA that determines which gene will be expressed. This is because...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.5 Genetic Engineering: Vectors
Genetic Engineering: Vectors Vectors are used to?transfer the desired genes?into a foreign cell Plasmids are the most commonly used vector but viruses and liposomes (a small vesicle with a phosphol...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.4 Genetic Engineering: Enzymes
Genetic Engineering: Enzymes Genetic engineering is the deliberate modification of a specific characteristic (or characteristics) of an organism. The technique involves?removing a gene?(or genes), ...
CIE A Level Biology復習筆記19.1.3 Isolating the Desired Gene
Isolating the Desired Gene The gene with the specific characteristic that is required can be obtained in the following ways: Extracting the gene from the DNA of a donor organism using enzymes (rest...
