Electrical Communication in the Venus Flytrap Plants possess?communication systems?that enable them to coordinate the different parts of their bodies The Venus flytrap is a?carnivorous plant?that g...
Sliding Filament Model of Muscular Contraction Structure of thick & thin filaments in a myofibril The?thick filaments?within a myofibril are made up of?myosin molecules These are?fibrous protei...
Ultrastructure of Striated Muscle Striated muscle?makes up the muscles in the body that are attached to the skeleton Striated muscle is made up of?muscle fibres A muscle fibre is a?highly specialis...
Stimulating Contraction in Striated Muscle Striated muscle?contracts?when it receives an?impulse?from a?motor neurone?via the?neuromuscular junction When an impulse travelling along the axon of a m...
Cholinergic Synapses Where two neurones meet, they do not actually come into physical contact with each other – a very small gap, known as the?synaptic cleft, separates them The ends of the two neu...
The Refractory Period Very shortly (about 1 ms)?after an action potential?has been generated in a section of the axon membrane, all the?sodium ion voltage-gated channel proteins in this section?clo...
Speed of Conduction of Impulses The?speed of conduction?of an impulse refers to?how quickly the impulse is transmitted?along a neurone It is determined by two main factors: the?presence or absence ...
Transmission of Nerve Impulses Neurones?transmit?electrical impulses, which travel extremely quickly along the neurone?cell surface membrane?from one end of the neurone to the other Unlike a normal...
Sequence of Events Resulting in an Action Potential The?surface?of the?tongue?is covered in many small bumps known as?papillae The surface of each papilla is covered in many?taste buds Each taste b...
Sensory Receptor Cells A cell that?responds?to a?stimulus?is called a?receptor cell Receptor cells are?transducers?– they?convert energy?in one form (such as light, heat or sound) into energy in an...
Neurones Neurones have a?long fibre?known as an?axon The axon is?insulated?by a?fatty sheath?with small uninsulated sections along its length (called?nodes of Ranvier) The sheath is made of?myelin,...
The Nervous System The human nervous system consists of the: Central nervous system?(CNS) – the brain and the spinal cord Peripheral nervous system?(PNS) – all of the nerves in the body It allows u...
