Baryons & Mesons All particles of?matter?are made up of either?quarks?and/or?leptons The?standard?model?of particle physics categorises quarks and leptons by charge and mass Quarks and leptons ...
Relativistic Situations Accelerated particles often reach speeds that are very close to the?speed of light At such high velocities and energies,?relativistic effects?begin to become important These...
Unit Conversions for Energy & Mass Units of Energy The electronvolt is a unit of?energy It is equivalent to the amount of energy transferred to an electron accelerated across a potential differ...
Annihilation of Matter & Antimatter Annihilation When a particle meets its antiparticle partner, the two will?annihilate Annihilation is: When a particle meets its equivalent anti–particle they...
High Energy Particle Collisions The Diameter of a Nucleon High energy electron beams can be used to analyse?nucleons, e.g. Protons Neutrons When electrons are accelerated to very high energies, the...
Interpreting Particle Tracks Particle detectors that count particles, like Geiger-Muller tubes, are useful but they cannot distinguish different types of particle Modern detectors can show the?path...
Radius of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field A charged particle in uniform?magnetic field?which is perpendicular to its direction of motion travels in a?circular?path This is because the?magnet...
Particle Accelerators & Detectors Linear Accelerators A linear accelerator (LINAC) is a type of particle accelerator that accelerates ions (charged particles) to very high speeds in?straight li...
Thermionic Emission When metals are?heated, the conduction electrons within them gain?energy If these electrons gain sufficient energy, they are able to leave the surface of the metal This is known...
