【A-level經(jīng)濟(jì)】如果進(jìn)行A-level經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表達(dá)？

Category: A-level課程, 國(guó)際課程 Date: 2017年7月9日上午12:00

語(yǔ)言對(duì)于中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是A Level學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，那些關(guān)于國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，或股市大盤(pán)分析以及企業(yè)股價(jià)高低變化的英文描述，經(jīng)常讓人看得頭疼。今天，小編總結(jié)了英文經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表達(dá)的要點(diǎn)，快學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)吧~

升、降、高、低描述

英文詞語(yǔ)中關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)下跌的描述有很多種，如fall, drop, be lower, slip等，更為嚴(yán)重的還有plummet和collapse等。

微跌：slip, drop, down

例1：Chinese stocks?slipped?in early trade, with Shanghai stocks?dropping?0.7% and Hong Kong's Hang Seng?down?1%.

中國(guó)股市在早盤(pán)出現(xiàn)微跌。上證指數(shù)跌了0.7%，而香港恒生指數(shù)跌了1%。

例2：Shares closed Friday at $74.73,?down?0.5% on the day, 28% for the year to date and 20% for the past 52 weeks.

周五股價(jià)報(bào)收74.73美元，當(dāng)日跌幅0.5%，今年迄今為止跌幅28%，過(guò)去52周跌幅20%。

跌幅較大：plummet, collapse

例：The FTSE fell 1% while the Dow Jones?plummeted?250 points and the price of Brent crude dropped to almost $48.5 a barrel, its lowest point this year.

英國(guó)富時(shí)指數(shù)（FISE）下跌1%，道瓊斯指數(shù)（Dow Jones）暴跌250點(diǎn)（約至17000點(diǎn)），而布倫特原油價(jià)格則跌至每桶48.5美元，創(chuàng)下年內(nèi)最低。

達(dá)到某一數(shù)值，用介詞to連接

例：Japan's Nikkei 225?fell?1.8%?to?18,743.83 and Hong Kong's Hang Seng dropped 1.0% to 22,420.89.

日本產(chǎn)經(jīng)指數(shù)225下跌了1.8%，至18743.83點(diǎn)，香港恒生指數(shù)下跌了1%，至22420.89點(diǎn)。

表達(dá)增減的幅度，用介詞by連接

例：After?sizzling growth?over the last couple of quarters, shares of Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba's(BABA) have?fallen by?over 16% over the past six months, with investors getting out after the company's most recent quarter.

中國(guó)電商巨頭阿里巴巴的股價(jià)經(jīng)歷幾個(gè)季度的高速增長(zhǎng)后在過(guò)去的六個(gè)月內(nèi)下跌了16%，股民們都在最近一個(gè)月內(nèi)撤資。

表示增減的具體數(shù)字：lose/gain

例1：The Dow fell for the first time in seven days Tuesday,?losing?49 points?to?17,081. The S&P 500 lost 13 to 2003. The S&P has?rebounded?smartly,?gaining?about 7% since retesting its August low on Sept. 28.

13日，道瓊斯指數(shù)七日內(nèi)首次下跌，收市報(bào)17081點(diǎn)，下跌了49點(diǎn)。標(biāo)普500指數(shù)報(bào)收2003點(diǎn)，下跌了13點(diǎn)。自9月28日再一次跌至8月低值后，標(biāo)普指數(shù)迅速回升并上漲7%。

同比描述

在財(cái)經(jīng)詞語(yǔ)中，同比是指與上一自然年度（或財(cái)年）的同一時(shí)期（如月或季度）相比較而得得出的增長(zhǎng)或下降的比率。

通常，表示同比時(shí)，可以用以下表達(dá)：

?from the same period last year

?compared to the previous year

?from a year earlier

?year-on-year

例1：The Hangzhou-based company reported revenue of $3.27 billion for its June quarter, an increase of 28%?from the same period last year, down from a 40%?year-on-year?revenue increase in the previous quarter.

阿里巴巴第一財(cái)季營(yíng)收32.7億美元，同比增長(zhǎng)28%，較上一季度40%的增長(zhǎng)有所下降。

例2：The company's latest filing with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission reveals that the "average selling price" for the iPhone increased by 11% in 2015?compared to the previous year.

蘋(píng)果在向美國(guó)證券交易委員會(huì)提交的文件中顯示，2015年，iPhone 的"平均售價(jià)"同比上漲了11%。

例3：Industrial output in September rose 5.7%?from a year earlier,?compared with economists’ median estimate of 6%.

九月，工業(yè)產(chǎn)值同比增長(zhǎng)5.7%，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)的中位數(shù)為6%。

連續(xù)上漲或下滑

表示連續(xù)性的增長(zhǎng)或下降，可以consecutive 或 in a row 以及in a straight months/years。另外，也可以直接用類(lèi)似?a 17-month low/high的表達(dá)方式。

例1：Food prices fell by 2.5% in the year to September in the wake of continued supermarket price wars. This means that prices in the sector?fell for the 15th month in a row.

由于超市價(jià)格戰(zhàn)，9月份食品價(jià)格下跌2.5%。這意味著食品行業(yè)價(jià)格連續(xù)15個(gè)月下滑。

例2：Spain's economy shrank for?a seventh consecutive quarter?between January and March as domestic demand slumped.

由于國(guó)內(nèi)需求暴跌，西班牙經(jīng)濟(jì)在第一季度出現(xiàn)連續(xù)七個(gè)季度的萎縮。

例3：Today Microsoft announced that?for the 25th consecutive month, its Xbox 360 console was the best selling device in its class.

微軟在今天宣布其Xbox 360持續(xù)25月在同類(lèi)產(chǎn)品中實(shí)現(xiàn)銷(xiāo)售第一。

例4：Pound weakened against both the euro and the dollar, nearing?a 17-month low?against the dollar of $1.5188 and slipping 0.2% lower against the euro.

英磅兌換歐元和美元走弱，美元的匯率接近17個(gè)月來(lái)的最低，為1：1.5188，與歐元的匯率則下跌了2%。

峰值和低谷

在某種趨勢(shì)（momentum）達(dá)到了最高或是最低時(shí)，通常用highest或lowest來(lái)表示。

最低點(diǎn)：lowest 或 lowest level

例1：Meanwhile, petrol prices fell by 3.7p per litre over the year, and diesel prices - at 110.2p per litre - are at?their lowest?in close to six years. There was also a fall in the price of household gas.

同時(shí)，汽油價(jià)格在過(guò)去的一年每升下跌3.7便士，柴油價(jià)格每升降至110.2便士，均接近六年來(lái)最低值。家用天然氣價(jià)格也出現(xiàn)下跌。

例2：The Purchasing Managers UK Services PMI?slipped to?55.8 in December, down from 58.6 in November, marking its?lowest level?since May.

英國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)PMI指數(shù)從（2014年）11月的58.6下跌至12月的55.8，是五月以來(lái)最低點(diǎn)。

最高值/記錄：high、the?highest或record high/level

注意下方例句動(dòng)詞搭配

例1：The stock has shed almost 45% since?notching a high of?$119.15?back in November.

與2014年11月接近119.15美元的高點(diǎn)相比，股價(jià)暴跌了45%。

例2：Goldman's shares, which hit?their highest?since May 2008 on Wednesday, were down 0.3% at $200.53 in afternoon trading amid questions about whether the results were sustainable.

4月15日上午，高盛的股價(jià)漲至自2008年5月以來(lái)新高，隨后下午降至每股200.53美金（降0.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)），人們紛紛議論這個(gè)結(jié)果是否維持得下去。

例3：The Dow Jones Industrial Average surged to?a new record level?Tuesday, closing well above apeak set?before the US economy?entered a recession?in 2007.

道瓊斯平均工業(yè)指數(shù)在周二達(dá)到新高，收盤(pán)時(shí)超過(guò)美國(guó)在2007年進(jìn)入衰退前的最高指數(shù)。

描述增減常用詞匯

表示增加

add

build up

climb

come up

enhance

gain

go up

grow

increase