IB DP Chemistry: SL復習筆記6.1.2 Rate of Reaction
Rate of Reaction
Reaction rate
- Some reactions take place instantly, but most are much slower and it is possible to measure how long these reactions take to reach a certain stage
- As a chemical reaction proceeds, the concentration of the reactants decreases and the concentration of the products increases
- The?rate of a reaction?is the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place and has units?mol dm-3?s-1
- The rate of a reaction can be calculated by:
- Graphically we can represent the rate of reaction as:
Rate of reaction graphs
Worked Example
Iodine and methanoic acid react in aqueous solution.
I2?(aq) + HCOOH (aq) → 2I??(aq) + 2H+?(aq) + CO2?(g)
The rate of reaction can be found by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced per unit time and plotting a graph as shown
Calculate the rate of reaction at 20 seconds
Answer:
-
- Draw a tangent to the curve at 20 seconds:
-
- Complete the triangle and read off the values of x and y
- Determine the gradient of the line using ?y / ?x
- Rate of reaction = 24?÷ 40 =?0.60 cm3?s-1
Exam Tip
When drawing the tangent to a curve make the triangle large and try to intersect with gridlines if you can. This minimises errors of precision and reduces the chance you will accidently misread the graph values
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