2022 NHSDLC辯論賽報名通道已開啟！

2022NHSDLC暑假有兩個年度比賽盛事，一個是年度全國冠軍賽（簡稱“C”），一個是線上全國邀請賽（簡稱“I”）。2022 NHSDLC辯論賽秋季常規賽報名通道也已同步開啟！

秋季辯題解析

Investopedia refers to the Federal Reserve as "the central bank of the United States. Often simply called the Fed, it is arguably the most powerful financial institution in the world. It was founded to provide the country with a safe, flexible, and stable monetary and financial system". ?In any economy, the central bank is the institution responsible for the regulation of money (currency) and credit (loans and other types of finance) in the economy. This is also referred to as managing the country's 'monetary policy'. For example, the Federal Reserve conducts monetary policy i.e. increases or decreases interest rates or money supply in the economy to meet the objectives given to it by the United States Congress.

The Fed was established by an Act of Congress in 1913 in response to a number of financial panics and economic shocks that had rattled the American economy. While its immediate purpose was to stabilize the American economy through efficient regulation and conduct of monetary policy, its role has since expanded in tandem with the size and complexity of the US and the global economy. It's mandate, as described on the Federal Reserve website includes,

It is the Federal Reserve's actions, as a central bank, to achieve the "dual mandate" goals specified by Congress: maximum employment and stable prices [inflation] in the United States. The Federal Reserve conducts monetary policy by using a variety of tools to manage financial conditions that encourage progress toward its dual mandate objectives.1

Even though the Fed is nominally part of the United States Federal Government, it is an 'independent central bank', i.e it can take decisions independent of the President or the Congress as a truly neutral and bipartisan institution.

Possible Pro Arguments 正方觀點梳理

The Pro side can argue that the Federal Reserve ensured economic stability in the United States. They can refer to Fed's track record in ensuring a low and stable inflation rate in the United States barring a few times of high inflation caused by external factors. The Pro can extend the impacts on inflation and economic stability and claim that delivering economic growth is a terminal impact that's linked to social impacts like poverty reduction, global economic stability and employment growth. The Pro can also take a globalist perspective and argue that the Fed provides economic stability to the global economy and not just the United States because of the US Dollar's key role as an 'international reserve currency'.

Possible Con Arguments 反方觀點梳理

The Con can argue that the Fed has historically been a source of economic instability and not the other way around. The Con could argue that the Fed is nominally independent but heavily influenced by politics which has led it to take actions that have threatened the long-term stability of the US economy. The Con can argue that the Fed has routinely been unsuccessful in meeting their inflation target. The Con can also argue that the Fed's obsession with inflation has harmed the poor and marginalized communities the most in the United States. The Con can also argue that the US government through the Federal Reserve has used the US Dollar as a tool to extend their global hegemony.

英文辯論比賽大火為哪般？

不可否認，英文辯論比賽在國內火起來的最直接原因，莫過于能作為申請海外名校的有力籌碼。

眾所周知，辯論在西方有著廣泛深遠的群眾基礎。上至總統選舉唇槍舌劍，下至普通小學課堂上隨處可見的小組討論，都離不開辯論。而在歐美大部分大中小學校，都有自己的辯論俱樂部和辯論比賽。不少高校還設置了專門的獎學金，提供給那些優秀的辯論隊員。

歐美教育界普遍認為，辯論是一項極具競爭力且含金量很高的課外活動。耶魯大學政治經濟學教授兼招生官Minh Luong就曾說過：“沒有什么活動比全身心地投入到辯論中更能鍛煉一個人的學術、專業和生活技能了。”美國前教育部長Arne Duncan同樣對辯論活動大為推崇，認為它是“學?獲得平等教育的最佳?式之?”。而近年來的統計數據也表明，擁有出色的辯論成績，堪稱是學生通往世界一流大學的敲門磚。

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