即離5月亞太機考只有幾天了。俗話說,“臨陣磨槍,不快也亮”老師整理了30多個在23年3月、1月和22年11月、9月、4月共五次機考SAT中出現過的詞匯,供同學們考前“抱佛腳”用。
今天先了解一下機考SAT真題中曾經出現過的兩個專有名詞:
Dollar Store? 廉價商品商店;“一元店”a shop that sells items very cheaply;a store that sells inexpensive items priced usually at a dollar or a few dollars
另外一個涉及到美國歷史,這個單詞是Underground, 也叫Underground Railroad,意思不是真的在地下修了一條鐵路,而是指大概1830年代到1860年代,南方黑奴在各個城市的一些白人和自由黑人的幫助下,為獲自由而偷偷地輾轉多地跑到北方,形成的多條慣用逃跑路線。
這里的underground的意思是指“秘密的,地下的”(of or relating to the secret activities of people working to subvert an established order)
美國著名作家科爾森·懷特海德(Colson Whitehead)寫了一本長篇小說《Underground》,講的就是那段故事,2016年出版后獲美國國家圖書獎、、普利策獎,被譯成多種文字(包括中譯本),2021年改編成同名電視劇電視劇。
2020年9月北美SAT和2017年10月ACT考到了科爾森·懷特海德寫的同一篇小說《Sag Harbor 》,2020年9月23日School Day SAT考了懷特海德的另一篇長篇小說《約翰·亨利日》(John Henry Days)。
另外語法部分出現了一個不太常用的副詞,elsewhere。請同學們注意在倒裝句中,elsewhere放在句首的情況,比如:
Elsewhere?in the same book she gives another date.
她在同一本書的另一處給出了另一個(不同的)日期。
這個副詞放在句首,帶有微弱的轉折的意思。
接下來是30個比較普通的單詞,動詞居多,也有形容詞。里面有一些生詞(略高過高中要求,高中生一般不認識的單詞),也有一些是紙筆考SAT也喜歡考的熟詞的生僻義。
prevail vi.占優勢,占上風;獲勝prove more powerful than opposing forces; be victorious
不及物動詞,通常和介詞over連用
例句:It is hard for logic to prevail over emotion.
邏輯很難戰勝感情。
eclipse vt. 掩沒(某人或物的)重要性 (或地位、聲譽),使失色deprive (someone or something) of significance, power, or prominence
例句:The state of the economy has eclipsed the environment as the main issue.
經濟狀況超過環境問題而成為主要問題。
counteract vt.對抗;阻礙;抵制;抵消;中和act against (something) in order to reduce its force or neutralize it
同學們請注意,act是不及物動詞,但是counteract卻是及物動詞,后面直接跟賓語
例句:The drug counteracts the effects of the poison.
這種藥可抵消毒物的作用。
constrict vt. 抑制,限制;約束restrict
例句:The fear and the reality of crime constrict many people's lives.
對犯罪的恐懼和罪惡的現實束縛了許多人的生活
rectify vt. 糾正,矯正;修正,整頓put (something) right; correct
例句:Mistakes made now cannot be rectified later.
現在犯下的錯誤今后無法糾正。
reverberate vi.不斷發生后效,不斷引起反響have continuing and serious effects
例句:The statements by the professor reverberated through the Capitol.
教授的話不斷在國會引起反響。
spurious adj. 假的;偽造的;(推理方法)貌似真實的,似是而非的,站不住腳的not being what it purports to be; false or fake; (of a line of reasoning) apparently but not actually valid
例句: This spurious reasoning results in nonsense.
這種站不住腳的推理到頭來都是廢話。
transpose vt. 轉移,遷移;轉換transfer to a different place or context
例句:The themes are transposed from the sphere of love to that of work.
主題從愛情轉到了工作。
vt. 使變形,轉變,使變化
change into a new form
例句:He transposed a gaffe by the mayor into a public-relations advantage.
他把市長的失態轉變成了公關優勢。
yield vt. 產生(效果、收益等);帶來(of an action or process) produce or deliver (a result, or gain)
例句:This method yields the same results.
這種方法產生同樣的結果。
dictate vt.&vi. 控制;支配;決定control or decisively affect; determine
例句1::Choice is often dictated by availability.
選擇往往決定于是否有可能。
例句2:A review process can be changed as circumstances dictate.
審查過程可能會視具體情況的需要而有所改變。
mitigate vt. 使溫和;使緩和、緩解;減輕(痛苦)make less severe, serious, or painful
例句:Drainage schemes have helped to mitigate this problem.
排污系統已經使問題得到緩和。
preclude vt. 防止,杜絕,使不可能prevent from happening; make impossible
例句:The secret nature of his work precluded official recognition.
他工作的機密性質使他不可能獲得官方表彰。
glide n. 滑音,延長(發音 )
a sound produced as the vocal organs move towards or away from articulation of a vowel or consonant, for example j in duke dju?k
prolong vt. 延長、拖長extend the duration of
例句:We were having such a good time that we decided to prolong ourstay by another week.
我們過得非常愉快,決定再多待一個星期。
humanoid adj.類人的;具有人的形狀(或特征)的having an appearance or character resembling that of a human
intricate adj. 錯綜復雜的,盤根錯節的;復雜精細的very complicated or detailed
daunting adj.看上去棘手難以處理、難以對付的;使人畏懼的;令人發怵的seeming difficult to deal with in prospect; intimidating
condescending adj. 行為表現出一種優越感的acting in a way that betrays a feeling of patronizing superiority towards someone
例句:She thought the teachers were arrogant and condescending.
她認為教師們傲慢自大且居高臨下。
determine vt. (尤指通過研究或計算)探知;確定ascertain or establish exactly, typically as a result of research or calculation
例句:The point of our study was to determine what is true, not what is practicable.
我們研究的目的是要確定什么是真實的,而不是什么是可行的。
stipulate vt. 規定(要求)(尤指作為合同或協議的一部分)demand or specify (a requirement), typically as part of a bargain or agreement
例句:He stipulated certain conditions before their marriage.
他在婚前訂立了一些條件。
affecting adj. 感人的,打動人的evoking a strong emotional response
overreach oneself 伸手伸得過遠;因做非力所及的事而失敗defeat one's object by trying to do more than is possible
例句:The Church overreached itself in securing a territory that would prove impossible to hold.
教會要得到一塊不可能保得住的土地,伸手過長(不自量力),會失敗的。
conventional adj.傳統的,習慣的based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed
inconsequential adj.微不足道的,無關緊要的;無意義的not important or significant
substantial adj. 很重要的;很可觀的,大量的;很有價值的of considerable importance, size, or worth
constrain vt. 限制;約束,束縛severely restrict the scope, extent, or activity of
例句:Agricultural development is considerably constrained by climate.
農業發展在相當程度上由氣候所限制。
constrict vt. 限制、抑制to stultify, stop, or cause to falter?同義詞為inhibit或restrict
例句:Too many rules had constricted her lifestyle.
太多的清規戒律限制了她的生活方式。
fabricate vt. (存心)捏造,虛構invent or concoct (something), typically with deceitful intent
例句:Officers fabricated evidence.
官員們捏造了證據。
promulgate vt. (思想,事業)宣傳,散布,傳播promote or make widely known (an idea or cause)
例句:These objectives have to be promulgated within the organization.
這些目標必須在機構內廣而告之。
Ingenious adj. (人)機靈的;有獨創性的;具創造力的(of a person) clever, original, and inventive
例句:He was ingenious enough to overcome the limited budget.
他足智多謀,足以克服預算有限的困難。
lament vt. 惋惜,表示失望express regret or disappointment over something considered unsatisfactory, unreasonable, or unfair
例句:She lamented the lack of shops in the town.
她嘆惜城中缺少商店。

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