出國(guó)留學(xué),個(gè)人陳述(PS)可能是你的敲門(mén)磚,也可能是你的絆腳石。
想象一下,國(guó)外學(xué)校的招生官每天都要面對(duì)一堆堆的申請(qǐng)材料,他們的眼睛都快看花了。
他們?cè)趺茨茉谟邢薜臅r(shí)間和名額里,挑出最合適的學(xué)生呢?
你需要一份讓他們眼前一亮的PS!
怎么寫(xiě)好PS
最近,《衛(wèi)報(bào)》這本英國(guó)知名雜志發(fā)表了一篇文章,內(nèi)容關(guān)注的是招生官如何審閱申請(qǐng)者的個(gè)人陳述。
根據(jù)英國(guó)高等教育政策研究所(HEPI)的一項(xiàng)針對(duì)招生專(zhuān)業(yè)人員的調(diào)查,結(jié)果顯示,招生官平均只花2分鐘的時(shí)間閱讀一份個(gè)人陳述,而在羅素集團(tuán)的大學(xué)中,這個(gè)時(shí)間甚至縮短到了90秒。
令人驚訝的是,在接受調(diào)查的113位招生官中,近40%的人承認(rèn)他們閱讀個(gè)人陳述的時(shí)間甚至不超過(guò)1分鐘。
所以,在這么短的時(shí)間里,一份獨(dú)特的PS一定是吸引考官的關(guān)鍵。

PS是你向招生官展示自己的機(jī)會(huì),是你講述自己故事的舞臺(tái),是你證明自己與眾不同的武器。
招生官想要看到的,不僅僅是你的成績(jī)和證書(shū),而是你的個(gè)性和潛力。
所以,在你的PS里,你要告訴他們:
你是誰(shuí)?你有什么特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)?
你為什么想留學(xué)?你有什么動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)?
你為什么選擇這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)?你有什么相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和興趣?
你為什么適合這所學(xué)校?你能為這個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境帶來(lái)什么貢獻(xiàn)?
這些問(wèn)題看起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單,但要回答好并不容易。
你需要從自己的人生經(jīng)歷中,挑選出最能體現(xiàn)自己的亮點(diǎn)。
怎么挑選呢?怎么寫(xiě)呢?別著急,接下來(lái)我會(huì)給你詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)和建議。趕緊收藏這篇文章吧!
知己知彼
要寫(xiě)出一份好的PS,你首先要明白PS的目的是什么。
PS不是簡(jiǎn)單地羅列你的成績(jī)和證書(shū),而是展示你的個(gè)性和特色,讓招生官看到你和你想申請(qǐng)的專(zhuān)業(yè)是多么合適。
招生官在讀你的PS時(shí),他們想知道:
你對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)科有多熱愛(ài)(enthusiasm);
你為了學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)學(xué)科付出了什么努力(motivation);
你在這個(gè)學(xué)科上有什么成果和價(jià)值(results),
你有什么未來(lái)的潛力(potential)
你對(duì)自己的職業(yè)規(guī)劃有什么想法(career plan)
個(gè)性化是PS寫(xiě)作的核心。最糟糕的PS就是千篇一律,沒(méi)有特色,沒(méi)有亮點(diǎn),沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力的PS。
最優(yōu)秀的PS就是通過(guò)具體的例子和細(xì)節(jié),有效地說(shuō)明“你”為什么是最佳的候選人,為什么“你”應(yīng)該被錄取。
補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明:分?jǐn)?shù)只是客觀的信息,只能反映你的水平,不能反映你的特質(zhì)。如果只靠分?jǐn)?shù),你和其他申請(qǐng)者都沒(méi)有區(qū)別,都是85分,只不過(guò)一個(gè)叫85A,一個(gè)叫85B。
通過(guò)提供PS等主觀材料,招生官可以更深入地了解申請(qǐng)者,比如A擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué),參與過(guò)什么項(xiàng)目,取得了什么效果,B沒(méi)有明確的職業(yè)目標(biāo),缺乏批判性思維等。
總之,讓他們知道你是一個(gè)有血有肉有故事有想法的人。
對(duì)癥下藥
既然你已經(jīng)明白了PS的重要性,那就要根據(jù)招生官的期待來(lái)寫(xiě)你的PS。
一般來(lái)說(shuō),一篇優(yōu)秀的PS應(yīng)該包括以下內(nèi)容:
Enthusiasm and motivation?你對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)科有多么熱愛(ài),多么好奇,多么有動(dòng)力,即使你遇到了很多困難,也沒(méi)有放棄。
Understanding and /or experience of the subject?你通過(guò)什么樣的生活學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷,對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)科有了什么樣的理解和思考。
Academic engagement with the subject?你有什么學(xué)術(shù)方面的準(zhǔn)備(讀過(guò)哪些書(shū)籍,參加過(guò)哪些活動(dòng)),你有什么學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī),科研成果,工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)等。
Relevant knowledge and skills for the subject?你在其他方面(工作或者興趣愛(ài)好)所獲得的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn),技能,品質(zhì)等。
Originality and independence of thought?你對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)科有什么獨(dú)特的見(jiàn)解和創(chuàng)新的想法。
Career Plan 職業(yè)規(guī)劃?你畢業(yè)后想做什么?是否要繼續(xù)深造?或者找工作?你有什么短期和長(zhǎng)期的職業(yè)目標(biāo)。
理清邏輯
寫(xiě)PS不僅要有內(nèi)容,還要有邏輯。招生官不會(huì)有時(shí)間和耐心去梳理你的PS的邏輯,所以你要寫(xiě)得清楚明了,讓他們一目了然。
你要注意,中文和英文的表達(dá)邏輯是不一樣的,中文比較含蓄,英文比較直接。不要用中文的思維方式來(lái)寫(xiě)英文,最好也不要先寫(xiě)中文,再翻譯成英文。
一般的PS寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)如下:
重點(diǎn)突出學(xué)術(shù)內(nèi)容(80%) 你為什么對(duì)這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)感興趣;? 你目前的學(xué)習(xí)情況如何;? 你做過(guò)哪些課外閱讀;? 你參與過(guò)哪些課內(nèi)活動(dòng);? 你通過(guò)什么方式拓展了你的知識(shí)和視野;? 這些知識(shí)/經(jīng)驗(yàn)如何幫助你申請(qǐng)這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)。
學(xué)術(shù)無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容(5%-10%) 你有哪些其他方面的技能或素質(zhì)(transferable skills),或者哪些活動(dòng)培養(yǎng)了你的品格和性格。?【舉例說(shuō)明:如果你申請(qǐng)金融專(zhuān)業(yè),英國(guó)大學(xué)其實(shí)不太關(guān)心你會(huì)不會(huì)彈鋼琴。但是你可以在PS中適當(dāng)提到你通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴培養(yǎng)了哪些品質(zhì),比如說(shuō)堅(jiān)持,鉆研精神等。】
未來(lái)的計(jì)劃(10%-15%) 你畢業(yè)后想做什么?申請(qǐng)這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)可以如何幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)你的計(jì)劃?
Tips:對(duì)任何材料要有批判性思維,保證所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容真實(shí)可信,并檢查語(yǔ)法和拼寫(xiě)。
舉例說(shuō)明
一、關(guān)于學(xué)科相關(guān)知識(shí)和技能的掌握
Relevant knowledge and skills for the subject
❌ Less convincing example
I am currently a College Prefect and am also in the process of completing my Duke of Edinburgh Gold award. I regularly play football to maintain fitness and am working towards my grade 6 in piano.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Finance
✅ Good example
Studying both Economics and Sociology has given me a good theoretical understanding of social science perspectives. This will prove particularly useful when studying an interdisciplinary course.?My AS level Maths this has helped me to apply and develop my numerical skills which means that I can readily evaluate and analyse quantitative data.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Social Policy
點(diǎn)評(píng):優(yōu)秀案例說(shuō)明了自己在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中獲得的技能,已經(jīng)該技能對(duì)未來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)的幫助。問(wèn)題案例所講技能對(duì)未來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)無(wú)幫助,不相關(guān)。
二、學(xué)習(xí)熱情和動(dòng)力 Enthusiasm and motivation
❌ Less convincing example
I have a strong interest in history, politics and international relations. University study will allow me to explore and develop my enthusiasm for these subjects.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):International Relations
✅Good example
When I studied the upheavals of the 19th and 20th centuries, I began to see how this period is key to understanding the modern era. As I examined the Industrial Age and the growth of global trade, I focused increasingly on economics. I believe that the analytical tools of both fields are essential for a deep understanding of the world.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Economic History with Economics
點(diǎn)評(píng):優(yōu)秀案例有細(xì)節(jié),描述自己具體做的事情和自己的思考,證明了自己對(duì)學(xué)科感興趣,并且具有行動(dòng)力。問(wèn)題案例太空泛。
三、關(guān)于學(xué)科的學(xué)術(shù)成就 Academy engagement with the subject
❌ Less convincing example
A lecture I attended by Michael Sandel encouraged a rigorous philosophical style, and studying Spanish independently has also illustrated how expression affects meaning. Literature at A level, has strengthened my precise phrasing of arguments. Simon Blackburn's "Being Good" has stimulated my views on moral behaviour. I have been inspired to act according to these beliefs: I set up my school's first feminist society.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Politics and Philosophy
✅ Good example
Having read "End This Depression Now" by Paul Krugman I gained a deeper understanding of Keynesian theory.?I found his argument convincing because…
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Philosophy, Politics and Economics
In my Royal Economics Society competition essay?I drew on econometric analysis?to argue that high levels of inequality can have a negative effect on growth. This was backed up by reading "The Price of Inequality…
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Economics
點(diǎn)評(píng):優(yōu)秀案例有詳細(xì)描寫(xiě)自己在學(xué)習(xí)理論知識(shí)后的再創(chuàng)造,對(duì)知識(shí)的反思。問(wèn)題案例單純的敘述事件。
四、個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)看法等 Originality or independence of thought
❌ Less convincing example
The universe around us is in a constant forward and backward spiral to reach one ultimate goal, equilibrium; a state of dynamism but steady due to the equality between opposing forces.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Economics and Economic History
A twelve-year-old girl got home from school one day and decided to pick up a book in the family office room that was entitled 'Torts'. Puzzled, she began to read out of genuine curiosity. That girl was me.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Law
✅ Good example
I believe?that Hart's conception of the law is more convincing as it recognises human limitations.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Law
Although many conservative economists have already dismissed such suggestions,?I think?that disregarding any certain factor is against the essence of economics, as every factor plays an important role towards the happening of every event.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Economics
點(diǎn)評(píng):“我認(rèn)為”的表達(dá)是很重要的。
五、對(duì)學(xué)科的理解和經(jīng)歷 Understanding or experience
❌ Less convincing example
I have been fascinated by the idea of becoming a lawyer ever since I watched the TV drama Suits.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Law
My love for the subject began in Year 6, when I conducted independent research for a project on natural hazards, which introduced me to tectonic theory.
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Geography
✅ Good examples
"I am particularly interested in how law interacts with morality. To what extent laws should govern and regulate people's wellbeing? For instance would we be able to justify stem-cell research without defining when life begins?"
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):Law
"I am also involved in the Values Versus Violence youth project, which enabled me to visit Belfast as part of a group of European young people. I learned much about social and political conflict on the trip, and saw the relevance of history as the divisions between communities over historical issues remains to this day"
申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè):History
點(diǎn)評(píng):優(yōu)秀案例有自己獨(dú)到的見(jiàn)解,而非順承別的思想。
問(wèn)題案例沒(méi)有表達(dá)自己的具體想法。


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