Making a Volumetric Solution REQUIRED PRACTICAL 1 Volumetric Analysis Volumetric analysis?is a process that uses the volume and concentration of one chemical reactant (a volumetric solution)...
Reaction Mechanisms: Terminology Homolytic & Heterolytic fission Homolytic fission?is breaking a covalent bond in such a way that each atom takes an electron from the bond to form two ra...
Test-Tube Reactions Often, chemists will need to identify the functional groups present in an organic compound Some simple questions which can be considered are: Is the compound acidi...
Classification of Alcohols Primary?alcohols?are alcohols in which the carbon atom bonded to the -OH group is attached to?one?other carbon atom (or alkyl group) Secondary?alcohols?are alcohol...
Shapes & Bond Angles in Organic Molecules Each carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell (electronic configuration: 1s22s22p2) Carbon atoms share these four electrons in four cov...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths復習筆記 1.10.1 Rounding & Estimation Why use estimation? We?estimate?to find approximations for difficult sums Or to check our answers are about the right size (right order ...
Reactivity of Halogenoalkanes The halogenoalkanes have different?rates?of?substitution?reactions Since substitution reactions involve?breaking?the?carbon-halogen?bond the?bond?energies?can b...
Fractional Distillation Crude oil is currently the world's main source of organic chemicals As a mixture, it isn’t a very useful substance, but the different hydrocarbons that make up the mixture, ...
Organic Definitions & Terminology Organic chemistry?is the chemistry of carbon compounds Carbon forms a vast number of compounds because it can form strong covalent bonds with itself This enabl...
