Rate-Concentration Graphs Order of reaction from initial rate The?progress?of the reaction can be followed by measuring the?initial?rates?of the reaction using various?initial concentrations...
Concentration-Time Graphs Order of reaction from concentration-time graphs In a?zero-order?the concentration of the reactant is inversely proportional to time This means that the?concentrati...
Finding Activation Energy Finding the Activation Energy Very often, the Arrhenius Equation is used to calculate the activation energy of a reaction Either a question will give sufficient inf...
The Arrhenius Equation The rate equation shows how each of the reactants in a reaction effects the rate of the reaction and it includes the rate constant, k However, k only remains constant ...
Rate Equation Calculations The?rate?constant?(k) of a reaction can be calculated using the initial rates and the rate equation Calculating the rate constant from the initial rate The reactio...
Deducing Orders Order of reaction For the general reaction A + B →?C + D The?order of reaction?shows how the concentration of a reactant affects the rate of reaction Rate =?k?[A]m?[B]n When ...
2022年夏季大考，CAIE、愛德思、牛津AQA成績何時放榜？ CAIE考試局 2022年8月11日：AS&A Level成績公布 2022年8月17日：Pre-U成績公布 2022年8月18日：IGCSE和O Level成績公布 愛德思考試局 2022.8.18：IAS&a...
Reaction Feasibility The Gibbs equation can be used to calculate whether a reaction is?feasible?or not ΔG??= ΔHreaction??- TΔSsystem? When ΔG??is?negative, the reaction is?feasible?and likel...
Gibbs Free Energy Gibbs free energy As we have seen in the previous sections, the feasibility of a reaction is determined by two factors, the?enthalpy change?and the?entropy change The two f...
Entropy You may have wondered why it is that?endothermic?reactions occur at all, after all, what can be the driving force behind endothermic reactions if the products end up in a less stable...
Solution & Hydration Enthalpy of solution The?standard enthalpy change of solution (ΔHsol?)?is the enthalpy change when?1 mole?of an ionic substance?dissolves?in sufficient water to form...
Comparing Lattice Enthalpies How accurate are lattice enthalpies? It is possible to calculate a theoretical value for the lattice enthalpy of an ionic solid. To do this you need to know the?...
