Rate: Temperature Enzymes have a?specific optimum temperature?– the temperature at which they catalyse a reaction at the?maximum rate Lower temperatures?either?prevent?reactions from proceeding or?...
Colorimetry to Measure Enzyme Activity A?colorimeter?is able to measure?light absorbance?(how much light is absorbed) or?light transmission?(how much light passes through) a substance Colorimetry c...
Measuring Enzyme Activity The?progress?of?enzyme-catalysed reactions?can be investigated by: Measuring the?rate of formation of a product?using catalase Measuring the?rate of disappearance of a sub...
How Enzymes Work The lock-and-key hypothesis Enzymes are?globular proteins This means their?shape?(as well as the shape of the?active site?of an enzyme) is determined by the complex tertiary struct...
Mode of Enzyme Action Enzymes have an?active site?where?specific substrates bind?forming an?enzyme-substrate complex The?active site?of an enzyme has a?specific shape?to fit a specific substrate Ex...
Enzymes as Proteins Enzymes are?biological catalysts ‘Biological’ because they function in?living systems ‘Catalysts’ because they?speed up the rate of chemical reactions?without being used up or c...
Water Molecules: In Living Organisms Water has many essential roles in living organisms due to its properties: The?polarity?of water molecules The presence and number of?hydrogen bonds?between wate...
Water Molecules: Hydrogen Bonds Water is of great biological importance. It is the medium in which all metabolic reactions take place in cells. Between 70% to 95% of the mass of a cell is water As ...
The Molecular Structure of Collagen Collagen?is the most common?structural?protein found in vertebrates In vertebrates it is the component of?connective tissue?which forms: Tendons Cartilage Ligame...
