Deducing Formulae of Compounds Ionic?compounds?are formed from a?metal?and a?non-metal?bonded together Ionic compounds are electrically neutral; the positive charges equal the negative charg...
Empirical & Molecular Formulae The?molecular?formula?is the formula that shows the?number?and?type?of each atom in a molecule E.g. the molecular formula of ethanoic acid is C2H4O2 ...
Ionisation Energies: Equations The?second ionisation energy?(IE2) is the energy required to remove the second mole of electrons from each +1 ion in a mole of gaseous +1 ions, to form one mol...
Ionisation Energies The?Ionisation?Energy?(IE) of an element is the amount of energy required to remove?one mole?of electrons from?one mole?of gaseous atoms of an element to form?one mole?of...
Deducing the Electron Configuration The Periodic Table is split up into four main blocks depending on their electron configuration Elements can be classified as an s-block element, p-block e...
Electron Shells Shells The arrangement of electrons in an atom is called the?electron?configuration Electrons are arranged around the nucleus in?principal energy levels?or?principal quantum ...
Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrometry is a powerful analytical technique It is the most useful instrument for accurate determination of the relative atomic mass of an element, b...
Subatomic Structure of Atoms & Ions The mass of an atom is?concentrated?in the nucleus, because the nucleus contains the heaviest subatomic particles (the neutrons and protons) The mass ...
Uses of Genetic Fingerprinting Polymerase chain reaction?(PCR) is a common molecular biology technique used in most applications of gene technology, for example,?DNA profiling?(eg. identific...
